The first Zeppelin raid on London was on 31 May 1915. London had never experienced an aerial assault. The Kaiser had deferred attacking the capital because of his close ties to the Royal family. The hydrogen-fuelled Zeppelins were huge, cigar-shaped planes which travelled at speed and could carry a large... More
The Zhou overthrew the Shang and founded their dynasty with the justification of the Mandate of Heaven, the notion that China should be governed by one, worthy ruler. The early years (1046–771 BCE) are known as the Western Zhou period, with the capital at Haojing and a solidification of power... More
As the Germans advanced towards Russia during Operation Barbarossa in the second half of 1941, they came across a line of outdated Soviet defensive fortifications known as the Stalin Line. Following the construction of the Molotov line further west after the beginning of the war, the fortifications of the Stalin... More
Shaka was the illegitimate son of a Zulu chief, who came to prominence as a general of the neighbouring Mthethwa. After wresting leadership of the Zulu, he embarked on a series of campaigns and raids, expanding the Zulu kingdom by conquest, vassalage and displacement. He is credited with a number... More