Strategy

Showing 49–60 of 132 results

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  Invasion of Sicily 10 July–17 August 1943

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  Invasion of Sicily 10 July–17 August 1943

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  As Allied forces moved inland, after securing beaches and small ports in southeast Sicily, one of their main objectives was to secure existing airfields, and build temporary ones to reduce response times for Allied aircraft, which had previously been flying mainly from Malta. Soon after the landings the Axis forces... More
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  Italian Government and High Command 1915–18

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  Italian Government and High Command 1915–18

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  Italy’s decision to enter the war on the Allied side was governed by what its prime minister, Antonio Salandra, termed ‘sacred egoism’; essentially the Allies promised a victory bonus of European territory from Austria-Hungary and Germany’s colonies. Most of the council of deputies were opposed to war, and Salandra would... More
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  Italy’s Alpine Frontier 1915

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  Italy’s Alpine Frontier 1915

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  Italy needed to go on the offensive when it entered the war on the Allied side in May 1915. The unexpected pivot away from the Central Powers had been sold to raucous populist support, as a strategy to win back the terre irredente (‘unreclaimed lands’) from Austria-Hungary. This was a... More
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  Karelian Front September – October 1944

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  Karelian Front September – October 1944

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  Dubbed by Stalin his “tenth shock”, in September 1944 the Soviets’ Karelian Front, under Colonel-General K.A. Meretskov, combined with the Northern Fleet under Admiral Arseniy Golovko and conducted a major offensive to drive the German Wehrmacht out of northern Finland. After taking Kirkenes on the Arctic coast, the Russians drove... More
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  Landings at Anzio 17 January–26 May 1944

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  Landings at Anzio 17 January–26 May 1944

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  The Allied landings on the marshland south of Rome on 22 January were virtually unopposed and quickly secured a beachhead, but US Major General John Lucas did not exploit their element of surprise and drive directly on to Rome, preferring instead to consolidate his forces at Anzio. This gave the... More
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  Makin Atoll 20–23 November 1943

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  Makin Atoll 20–23 November 1943

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  To launch an attack on the Marshall Islands, a suitable island base was needed as a stepping-stone. After plans to invade Nauru fell through, Makin Atoll was chosen as a suitable location. The invasion plan comprised a two-pronged attack. Firstly, troops would land on Red Beach in the west in... More
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  Marian’s and Caesar’s Legions 107–50 BCE

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  Marian’s and Caesar’s Legions 107–50 BCE

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  From 113–109 BCE, the Romans suffered a succession of military debacles at the hands of the Cimbrians in Gaul and the Numidians in North Africa. Marius, a parvenu from provincial Arpinum in central Italy, was elected consul in 107 BCE, and under threat of barbarian invasion, instigated far-reaching military reforms.... More
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  Midget Submarine Deployment 1941

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  Midget Submarine Deployment 1941

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  Prior to Japan’s devastating aerial onslaught on 7 December 1941, an attack group of five Imperial Japanese Navy I Type submarines was positioned around the coast near Pearl Harbor, each carrying Type A midget submarines. It was planned that under the cover of darkness, the midget submarines would enter the... More
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  Missile Submarine Patrol Areas 1980

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  Missile Submarine Patrol Areas 1980

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  In 1980 the US and USSR both had submersible ships which carried nuclear-powered ballistic missiles. The Cold War showed no signs of thawing and both the US and USSR were engaged in a proxy war in Afghanistan. Although there was no eruption into a ‘hot war’ (direct conflict) both the... More
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  Mobilization in England 1147–1272

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  Mobilization in England 1147–1272

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  Pope Eugene III called the Second Crusade in 1144, when England was in the throes of a 20-year civil war. Nevertheless, a powerful force was raised, some 13,000 sailing from Dartmouth in territory held by the Angevin opposition to King Stephen. This force achieved the only substantive success of a... More
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  Montgomery’s Plan, The Single Thrust

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  Montgomery’s Plan, The Single Thrust

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  In contrast to General Eisenhower’s ‘Broad Front’ plan, General Montgomery envisaged a better option in the form of a ‘Single Thrust’ into Germany. He believed that by consolidating Allied forces to the north ready for a quick, powerful drive through the German defences and on to Berlin, the Allies could... More
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  Monty’s Plan 30 June 1944

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  Monty’s Plan 30 June 1944

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  General Montgomery’s plan for the Allied invasion of Normandy was a modified version of existing plans drawn up by the Chief of Staff to the Supreme Allied Commander, Lieutenant-General Sir Frederick Morgan. General Montgomery took the COSSAC plan and added two beaches to the three that were originally proposed. By... More