Religion – Page 9 – The Map Archive

Showing 97–108 of 216 results

Lands of the Teutonic Order 1260–1410
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Lands of the Teutonic Order 1260–1410
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In the late 12th century German-speaking Teutonic Knights, operating from a network of castles, formed a religious-cum-military order committed to subduing the Baltic region, spreading Christianity, and protecting Christians making their pilgrimages to Jerusalem. As well as fighting the Egyptians for control of that distant holy city in the 5th... More
Languages and Peoples of Islam
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Languages and Peoples of Islam
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Being Muslim does not mean that a follower is restricted to specific languages. Instead, they follow their own culture and speak the native language of the part of the world they occupy. The Quran was revealed in Arabic and many non-Arabic speaking Muslims learn Arabic in order to read an... More
Lombards in Italy 590–732
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Lombards in Italy 590–732
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The year 590 marked the death of Authari, king of the Lombards, a Germanic tribe that had originated in Scandinavia, who ruled much of the Italian peninsula from 568. His wife Theodelinda, a Bavarian princess, later remarried and did much to promote Nicene Christianity within Lombardian society. This was at... More
London’s Spiritual Rebuilding 1666
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London’s Spiritual Rebuilding 1666
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Christopher Wren’s design for a new St Paul’s Cathedral was approved on 27 August 1666, one week before the Great Fire destroyed the original. The rebuild still proved a tortuous process, with many opinionated and influential stakeholders. Work eventually began in 1675 and, to mounting disquiet, was not completed until... More
Manx Keeills 500–1100 CE
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Manx Keeills 500–1100 CE
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Keeill is a Gaelic name for the many Christian chapels once scattered across the island of Manx (the Isle of Man). Constructed as solitary ‘cells’ or ‘keeills’ by clergy who acted as spiritual advisors to the local community, the earliest keeills are thought to have been made from mud and... More
Medieval Heresy and Dissent
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Medieval Heresy and Dissent
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Medieval Christianity was riven by dissenting religious movements that the Church anathematized as ‘heresies’. Of all the mediaeval heretical groups, the Albigensians, or Cathars, presented the most radical threat to Christian orthodoxy, believing that there were two Gods, the good God of the spiritual world and the evil God of... More
Medieval Western Christendom 1303–1420
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Medieval Western Christendom 1303–1420
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Owing to civil unrest in Rome, Pope Clement V moved the papal court to Avignon in 1309. Pope Gregory XI returned to Rome in 1377, but soon regretted his decision. He planned to return to Avignon but died before the move could be executed: in the ensuing chaos, rival popes... More
Medinet Habu c. 1170 BCE
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Medinet Habu c. 1170 BCE
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In the western Theban necropolis is Ramesses III’s ‘fortress like’ funerary temple and palace complex, Medinet Habu. Within its inner walls are the Royal Palace, the sandstone mortuary temple, smaller temples and additions, including a chapel built in 700 BCE. There are also storehouses and housing for the priests and... More
Military Orders in the Latin East 1197–1291
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Military Orders in the Latin East 1197–1291
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The three Military Orders, the Teutonic Knights, Knights Templars and Hospitaliers, each came into being in the Kingdom of Jerusalem in the 12th century. The Templars and Hospitaliers were already well established by the end of the Third Crusade, while the Teutonic Knights were established as a chivalric order during... More
Monasteries in Early Russia 14th–15th centuries
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Monasteries in Early Russia 14th–15th centuries
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Christianity in Kievan Rus dates back to the 9th century, becoming the dominant religion after the conversion of Vladimir the Great in 988. Early Russian monastics were often cave–dwellers and/or hermits like St Anthony of Kiev; the size of a typical community was in single figures, or met only for... More
Mormonism 1830–58
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Mormonism 1830–58
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In the 1820s, the frontier areas of America were swept by a surge of religious revivalism termed the ‘Second Great Awakening’. Joseph Smith, a religious leader who experienced revelatory visions, formed the Church of Christ while living in upstate New York. He moved west, attracting many new followers, and renamed... More
Mormonism in the USA 1830–47
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Mormonism in the USA 1830–47
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In the early 19th century, western New York State was described as the ‘burned-over’ district, ablaze with evangelism from multiple religious revivals, postmillennialists prophesying the second coming, and various utopian communes. In this febrile atmosphere, young Joseph Smith’s visions of angels leading him to the ancient prophet’s sacred Book of... More