Expansion – Page 4 – The Map Archive

Showing 37–48 of 57 results

Southeast Asia 1400
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Southeast Asia 1400
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Kublai Khan conquered, but did not occupy, Burma, preferring to leave it weak and fragmented. The Shan hilltribes exploited the resultant instability, raiding constantly before strong successor states emerged in the late 14th century: the Ava kingdom of Upper Burma and the Hanthawaddy kingdom in Pegu. The poetically named ‘Kingdom... More
Southeast Asia 1500
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Southeast Asia 1500
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During the 15th century, Muslim traders and itinerant Sufist mystics spread Islam widely through Southeast Asia. As the Hindu maritime empire of Majapahit collapsed (finally conquered by the Sultanate of Demak in 1526), a throng of Islamic sultanates filled the vacuum. The Bruneian Empire had outposts in the Phillippines and... More
Southeast Asia and the Srivijaya Kingdom c. 1200
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Southeast Asia and the Srivijaya Kingdom c. 1200
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The maritime kingdom of Srivijaya was the most powerful society in Southeast Asia for much of the latter half of the first millennium CE and the beginning of the second millennium CE. It was a thalassocracy (sea-based empire), and came to prominence as a large trading, manufacturing, commercial and religious... More
Sweden’s Baltic Empire 1523–1660
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Sweden’s Baltic Empire 1523–1660
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In 1397, the Kalmar Union was formed uniting Sweden, Denmark and Norway under a single leader. This union was dissolved in 1523 when nobleman Gustav Vasa deposed the Danish king of the Union and became the elected king of Sweden. The Swedes held sway in the Baltic for many years,... More
Territorial Growth of the Saudi State 1902–26
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Territorial Growth of the Saudi State 1902–26
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Between 1902–26 the isolated patchwork of tribal regions that became modern Saudi Arabia were conquered by the Al Saud leader, Ibn Saud. Saud began his conquests by travelling from Kuwait and reconquering his family home in Riyadh (1902), taking it from the Al Rashid dynasty. In 1904 the combined forces... More
The Acquisitions of France 1601–1766
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The Acquisitions of France 1601–1766
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France was a dominant power in Europe during the 17th century, which was period of consolidation of French territory and acquisition of feudal territories, commencing in 1601 when Henry IV of France intervened against the Duke of Savoy, who had been plotting against him. By the Treaty of Lyon France... More
The Delhi Sultanate c. 1100–1400
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The Delhi Sultanate c. 1100–1400
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Assassination was the favoured route to succession among the Delhi sultans, and perhaps the most original was perpetrated by Muhammad Tughluq (1325–51) who had his father crushed under a collapsing gazebo by stampeding elephants. His ways did not mend. Ibn Battuta, the Arab explorer, a (often terrified) visitor records ‘the... More
The Expansion of Bohemia under Ottokar II 1250–69
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The Expansion of Bohemia under Ottokar II 1250–69
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Ottokar I established the hereditary royal Přemyslid dynasty of Bohemia in 1198, and they would go on to become the prime power brokers in the Holy Roman Empire. His grandson, Ottokar II, rebelled against his father Wenceslas, and was both imprisoned and excommunicated before ascending to the throne in 1253.... More
The Expansion of Hungary, 1370–1470
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The Expansion of Hungary, 1370–1470
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In 1370 King Casimir III of Poland died without a direct heir and passed on the throne to his nephew Louis I of Hungary. This brought the two countries together in a union until Louis died in 1382 and passed the Polish throne to his youngest daughter Jadwiga, whilst his... More
The Frankish Monarchy at the death of Clovis I c. 513
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The Frankish Monarchy at the death of Clovis I c. 513
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Having expanded his realm in the west, in 500 The Frankish King Clovis I led an army southwards to Dijon to confront the Burgundian armies led by Roman proxy Gundobad, who was forced to flee. Burgundy was not annexed, but was obliged to pay tribute to the Franks. Then, from... More
The Kingdoms of Spain 1150
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The Kingdoms of Spain 1150
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In the latter half of the 11th century the warring Islamic states of Iberia (the taifas) became increasingly reliant on the Almoravids of North Africa, a Berber dynasty with a strong military tradition and strict adherence to Islam, to resist the advance of the Christian kingdoms from the north. In... More
The Kingdoms of Spain 1492
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The Kingdoms of Spain 1492
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The Christian kingdoms of Iberia vied with each other for dominance, and occasionally formed alliances. By the beginning of the 15th century four kingdoms were dominant: Castile (permanently united with Léon from 1230), Aragon, Navarre and Portugal. The decisive Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa in 1212 was a turning... More