Expansion – Page 3 – The Map Archive

Showing 25–36 of 136 results

Egypt and the Near East 630–560 BCE
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Egypt and the Near East 630–560 BCE
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The power vacuum created by the decline of Assyrian power appeared to offer opportunity for expansion to the Saite pharaohs. First, Psamtek I, and then Neko II, launched campaigns with a northward reach to the borders of Asia Minor in a bid to emulate the New Kingdom. However, there was... More
Egypt in Syria 1425–1418 BCE
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Egypt in Syria 1425–1418 BCE
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The father of Amenhotep II, Thutmose III was perhaps the greatest military conqueror of all the pharaohs, hailed for ‘making his boundaries as far as the Horn of the Earth, the marshes of Naharin’. The marshes of Naharin were the borderlands of Egypt’s northern rivals, the Mittani, who probably were... More
Egypt in Syria c. 1493–46 BCE
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Egypt in Syria c. 1493–46 BCE
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Although Thutmose I (c. 1493 BCE) successfully thwarted Syrian resistance in the Phoenician north, the conquered rulers only briefly paid tribute to him as their pharaoh. His grandson, Thutmose III (1482-25 BCE), was determined to restore Egyptian hegemony in Canaan and Phoenicia. Considered a military genius, not only did Thumose... More
Egypt in the First Intermediate Period c. 2150–2080 BCE
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Egypt in the First Intermediate Period c. 2150–2080 BCE
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The death of Pepi II after a reign of over 70 years ushered in a prolonged period of instability. A succession of weak and ephemeral rulers resulted in a steady leakage of real power to the nomarchs or regional governors. The first of these to have pretensions of pre-eminence was... More
Expansion of Persia 612–493 BCE
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Expansion of Persia 612–493 BCE
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The chain of events leading to the formation of the Persian Empire can be traced to the collapse of Assyrian power at the end of the 7th century BCE. The Medes were major territorial beneficiaries and, after extending their sway through northern Persia and eastern Anatolia, in around 550 BCE... More
Expansion of Russia 1598-1914
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Expansion of Russia 1598-1914
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Russian conquests in central Asia were a piecemeal affair, with frequent diversions to more pressing European entanglements. Subduing the Caucasus took a century (1763–1864), and was finally achieved only by forcibly expelling the rebellious Circassians from their mountain strongholds. These campaigns provoked repeated wars with Persia (1804–13, 1826–28). East of... More
Expansion of Russia: 1530–1618
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Expansion of Russia: 1530–1618
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The reign of Ivan IV ‘the Terrible’ (1547–84) was marked by great vicissitudes, often exacerbated by his own violent temperament. He brought about great expansion of the empire, with the subjugation of the khanates of Astrakhan, Kazan and Sibir. This took his rule south to the Caucasus and deep into... More
Expansion of the Qin 316–209 BCE
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Expansion of the Qin 316–209 BCE
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During the ‘Warring States’ period in China (476–221 BCE), a number of kingdoms vied for supremacy. The Qin ruled a relatively modest fiefdom on the western periphery. In the mid 4th century BCE, the statesman Shang Yang established strong centralized rule, and founded their new capital, Xianyang. After the expansionist... More
Fall of Croesus 550 BCE
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Fall of Croesus 550 BCE
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The extreme wealth of Croesus was reputed to derive from the gold deposits of the River Pactolus, where according to legend, the accursed Midas had tried to wash away his ‘golden touch’. But Croesus’s overlordship of Lydia, and tribute from the wealthy Ionian cities of the coast of Asia Minor,... More
Fatimid Empire and other Islamic states c. 1000
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Fatimid Empire and other Islamic states c. 1000
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By the millennium, the Islamic world was prey to an array of centrifugal forces. At its core, the Abbasid caliphate had been reduced to a largely symbolic function by the Buwayhid emirate. In its turn the Buwayhids had passed their peak, and were increasingly threatened by internal dissent, and the... More
German Expansion 1936–39
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German Expansion 1936–39
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Nazi Germany’s pursuit of Lebensraum (‘living space’), began legitimately. The 1935 Saarland plebiscite had been mandated at Versailles, and the Saarlanders elected to join Germany. Hitler seemed taken with plebiscites: he held another the following year in the Rhineland, after first occupying it with his army in contravention of Versailles,... More
Ghana and Mali Empires c. 1000–1350
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Ghana and Mali Empires c. 1000–1350
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From its foundation in the 4th century, the Ghana Empire grew into a prosperous regional power, owing its wealth to its position between gold-rich lands to the south and incoming Berber and Arab salt traders. The king imposed taxes on commodities traded within the empire, which grew to incorporate the... More