Colonization – Page 7 – The Map Archive

Showing 73–84 of 143 results

New Settlements on the West Bank 1982
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New Settlements on the West Bank 1982
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In 1967, the Six-Day War saw Israel capture the West Bank, Gaza Strip, Golan Heights and the Sinai Peninsula up to the Suez Canal. Settlements were created throughout the occupied territories on land, it was claimed, which had been given to the Jewish people by God. The West Bank became... More
New Spain c. 1600
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New Spain c. 1600
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New Spain was the first viceroyalty established in the Americas by the Spanish Crown. Formed in 1535, it comprised Florida, much of the North American southwest and northern Central America. Beneath the Viceroy, administration and jurisdiction was implemented by two ‘Royal Courts’ based in Mexico City and Guadalajara. Much of... More
Northeast Africa 1840–98
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Northeast Africa 1840–98
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In the early 19th century, Northeast Africa largely comprised a motley and shifting hotchpotch of sultanates loosely within the sphere of influence of the decaying Ottoman Empire. The khedives (‘viceroys’) of Egypt were virtually autonomous, and territorially acquisitive, annexing Equatoria and Darfur. The opening of the Suez Canal changed the... More
Northern Colonies c. 1664
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Northern Colonies c. 1664
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An important catalyst in the early colonization process was the Massachusetts Bay Colony’s inflexibility over matters of religious observance. Thomas Hooker, founder of Connecticut colony in 1636, Roger Williams (Rhode Island 1636) and John Wheelwright (New Hampshire 1638, then Wells, Maine) all left (or were banished) in order to enjoy... More
Outposts along the Delaware c. 1650
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Outposts along the Delaware c. 1650
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In the early 1600s, a colonial conflict in miniature was waged along the Delaware River, with Dutch, Swedish and English participation. The Dutch staked the first claim. Fort Nassau (1623) was, with Fort Orange further north on the Hudson River, one of their first footholds in New Netherland. In 1638,... More
Phoenician and Greek Colonization of the Mediterranean 9th–6th Centuries BCE
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Phoenician and Greek Colonization of the Mediterranean 9th–6th Centuries BCE
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By 750 BCE, Phoenician and Greek city-states had founded settlements across the Mediterranean. The Phoenicians, known as the ‘purple people’ by the Greeks, due to their use of purple dye, created a string of city-states that encompassed modern northern coastal Africa, modern southern Spain, eastern Cyprus and the Levant. The... More
Pledges and Border Changes 1920–1923
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Pledges and Border Changes 1920–1923
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Carved out of Ottoman Syria in 1920, the Transjordan territory was land placed under the British protectorate as part of the Palestine Mandate. In return, the French controlled Syria and Lebanon. The British had made a promise, endorsed by the US and the principal Allied Powers in World War I,... More
Plymouth Colony 1620–91
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Plymouth Colony 1620–91
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After Jamestown in Virginia, Plymouth was the second successful American colony to be founded by English settlers, a group of dissident Calvinist Christian ‘pilgrims’ who wanted to create a religious community free from the yoke of the English church. The community emigrated to Leiden in Holland, but began negotiating with... More
Plymouth Plantation 1620–30
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Plymouth Plantation 1620–30
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The Mayflower pilgrims, Puritan separatists forming the congregation of William Bradford, landed on Cape Cod in November 1620. Their party including several ‘Strangers’, sent along by the expedition’s backers to provide necessary survival skills for the new colony. Within a few days, they moved to a more favourable settlement location,... More
Port Royal Island 1562–86
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Port Royal Island 1562–86
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In 1562 an expedition commissioned by the French Huguenot, Admiral Gaspard II de Coligny, made landing on Parris Island, present-day South Carolina. The expedition leader, Jean Ribault, left 28 men on the island to build a settlement, christened Charlesfort: its precise site is contested. Ribault then returned home to collect... More
Post Colonial Wars 1948–89
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Post Colonial Wars 1948–89
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After achieving independence, many African states experienced various forms of armed conflict, which served to hold back economic and social development across the continent. The legacy of the old colonial borders is believed to have played an important role in this widespread conflict as they were drawn by the European... More
Predominant Immigrant Groups c. 1750
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Predominant Immigrant Groups c. 1750
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In c. 1750, over half of the population of the thirteen colonies was still of English descent, but significant minorities were beginning to establish themselves. The largest of these was African, predominantly slaves, and overwhelmingly concentrated in the plantations of Virginia and the southern colonies. The Scots-Irish, mainly Presbyterians from... More